Which body has the power to review all actions of Congress and the President to determine their Constitutionality?

Which body has the power to review all actions of Congress and the President to determine their Constitutionality?

• A. The Supreme Court
• B. The President
• C. Congress
• D. States' Legislatures

Answer: (A)

Judicial review gives the courts the power to interpret the Constitution and strike down laws or executive actions that conflict with it. The Supreme Court sits as the final arbiter of constitutional questions, reviewing actions by both Congress and the President. This power, established in Marbury v. Madison, means the judiciary checks the other branches to ensure laws and actions conform to the Constitution. So Congress can’t unilaterally declare a law unconstitutional, and the President can’t unilaterally decide constitutional validity; both rely on the courts to resolve questions of constitutionality. States' Legislatures handle state issues and don’t adjudicate federal constitutional questions for the whole country. Therefore, the body that reviews all actions of Congress and the President for constitutionality is the Supreme Court.

Judicial review gives the courts the power to interpret the Constitution and strike down laws or executive actions that conflict with it. The Supreme Court sits as the final arbiter of constitutional questions, reviewing actions by both Congress and the President. This power, established in Marbury v. Madison, means the judiciary checks the other branches to ensure laws and actions conform to the Constitution. So Congress can’t unilaterally declare a law unconstitutional, and the President can’t unilaterally decide constitutional validity; both rely on the courts to resolve questions of constitutionality. States' Legislatures handle state issues and don’t adjudicate federal constitutional questions for the whole country. Therefore, the body that reviews all actions of Congress and the President for constitutionality is the Supreme Court.